+ adversity can make kids more creative
| | | | The EU can sometimes be a confusing place. We have the euro, but countries like Denmark and Poland don't use it, while non-EU states like Monaco and Andorra do. The same goes for the Schengen Area: Norway and Switzerland aren't in the Union, but EU citizens have complete freedom of movement there. It seems like half the countries in and around the union have taken a pick and mix approach to its measures. This inconsistency may seem like a bit of a headache, but Bocconi University researcher Francesco Grillo advocates for more of it. He argues that the EU is outdated, and that its future lies in building "mini unions" – smaller groups of nations that form strategic alliances to tackle key issues, as opposed to one big tent for everyone. We've also taken a look at how the bloc fits into a world dominated by the US and China's power struggle. Gracia Abad Quintanal, at Nebrija University, assesses where things currently stand and argues that, if it plays its cards right, the EU could still emerge as a global power. Looking at Europe's past, Camille Mahé, at the University of Strasbourg, talks us through the vital role of education in rebuilding societies in the aftermath of the Second World War. This effort to save children from becoming a "lost generation" ranged from curricula teaching ideas of peace and tolerance, to more full-on deprogramming after the fall of totalitarian regimes. And if the continent's postwar artistic explosion is anything to go by, the hardship these children endured may have played a part in making them more creative, as a new study from the University of Siena shows. |  | Alex Minshall Editor, Valencia | |  Francesco Grillo, Bocconi University The European Union has locked itself into a rigid structure instead of adapting to survive. |  Gracia Abad Quintanal, Universidad Nebrija Xi Jinping and Donald Trump's trade war is picking up pace, but the EU doesn't have to pick a side. | | |  Camille Mahé, Université de Strasbourg The second world war marked a turning point in the history of childhood. To train young people to build peace, authorities reinvested in schools and introduced new pedagogies. | |  Carlo Valerio Bellieni, Università di Siena Many famous artists suffered in their early years, but escapism fed their genius. |  Erika Jaráiz Gulías, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Much of Spain's regional politics and social attitudes are different from the rest of Europe. | |  Viktoriia Ivannikova, Dublin City University No-fly zones in Europe and the Middle East are making planes travel further and burn more fuel. |  Thomas Paris, HEC Paris Business School; Pierre-Jean Benghozi, École polytechnique How will content creators be compensated for material used by artificial intelligence? Disputes involving tech giants such as Google and Meta illustrate the issues involved. | |  Borja Santos Porras, IE University The EU and China may fill the aid vacuum left by Trump's aid cuts. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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