plus: evaluating climate commitments
| | | | Despite the announcement of a 30-day ceasefire proposal in the Russian war in Ukraine, Stefan Wolff, an international security expert at the University of Birmingham, UK and Tetyana Malyarenko, a professor of European security at the National University Odesa Law Academy in Ukraine, think that President Vladimir Putin will drag out negotiations with the US. But they note that he risks much by rejecting the deal outright. Countries that are party to the 2015 Paris Agreement have started to submit updated action plans for cutting emissions. These documents, known as nationally determined contributions or NDCs, are designed to track global progress on climate action, but according to researchers from ESCP Business School and the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, broad variations in their emphasis, level of detail and length – the EU's first NDC was about 1,000 words; Venezuela's 2021 submission hit 76,000 – hinder the effort. The variations also reflect countries' priorities and politics as the planet warms, the authors write. Wikipedia has a gender problem: only 19% of its biographies feature women subjects, and no more than 15% of its editors are women. Núria Ferran-Ferrer, a professor of communications at the Universitat de Barcelona whose research revealed these figures, writes that while the underrepresentation reflects inequalities in media and academia, the site needs to reform its editing culture and policies to redress it. Thinking of learning a new language? You might start by turning off the subtitles in the next foreign film you watch at home. A study by linguists at Charles University and Palacký University Olomouc in the Czech Republic shows that getting a sense of the melodic and rhythmic patterns of spoken language – which babies start doing in the womb – is key, and that exposure to written words can interfere. Students, this could be an argument for watching the film and skipping the grammar homework. |  | Philippe Theise Editor, Paris | |  Stefan Wolff, University of Birmingham; Tetyana Malyarenko, National University Odesa Law Academy Vladimir Putin will now have to weigh up how to maintain a reset with the US while also pressing for more military success on the battlefield. |  Ivan Savin, ESCP Business School; Lewis King, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona The climate pledges that countries submit to the UN may or may not detail policy and regulatory measures, making it difficult for researchers. |  Núria Ferran-Ferrer, Universitat de Barcelona Wikipedia's editors and articles reflect and reinforce a lack of diversity. | | |  Josef Taalbi, Lund University An innovation expert looked at decades of car adverts to find out. | |  Kateřina Chládková, Charles University; Šárka Šimáčková, Palacky University Olomouc; Václav Jonáš Podlipský, Palacky University Olomouc Reading too early may slow adults' language learning progress. |  Juan Carlos Palacios Cívico, Universitat de Barcelona The US is willingly giving up its position at the world's economic leader. | |  Antonio Aloisi, IE University Trade unions are vital to designing new European labour laws that actually protect workers. | | | | | -
Munira Raji, University of Plymouth The US has many of the same minerals Ukraine does – but prefers to import them. -
Ian Horwood, York St John University Ukraine is looking for a security guarantee from Donald Trump, but historical precedents suggest they do not always work. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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